Diagnosing pericardial disorders typically involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests, such as:
- Electrocardiogram (ECG): To detect abnormal heart rhythms and signs of pericarditis.
- Echocardiogram: An ultrasound of the heart that can visualize the pericardium, assess fluid buildup, and evaluate heart function.
- Chest X-ray: To check for an enlarged heart or other signs of pericardial effusion.
- CT Scan or MRI: Detailed imaging tests that provide a clearer view of the pericardium and surrounding structures.
- Blood Tests: To identify signs of infection, inflammation, or other underlying conditions. Diagnosis may also involve analyzing fluid from the pericardium (pericardiocentesis) to identify infections or cancer cells.