A rectal biopsy can be performed during a sigmoidoscopy, colonoscopy, or a direct rectal examination. The procedure includes the following steps:
- Preparation: The patient may be asked to use an enema or laxative to empty the bowel before the procedure. Local anesthesia may be applied to minimize discomfort.
- Tissue Removal: A flexible tube with a camera (endoscope) is inserted through the anus to visualize the rectum. Special instruments are used to remove a small sample of tissue.
- Handling the Sample: The tissue sample is preserved in a special solution and sent to a laboratory for histopathological examination.
- Completion: The endoscope is carefully withdrawn, and the patient is monitored for a short period to ensure there are no immediate complications.