Diagnosis of leishmaniasis typically involves clinical evaluation, microscopic examination of tissue samples or fluid aspirates from skin lesions, serological tests, and molecular assays to detect the presence of Leishmania parasites. Treatment options vary depending on the type and severity of the infection but may include topical or systemic medications such as antimonials, miltefosine, amphotericin B, or paromomycin. Severe cases of visceral leishmaniasis may require hospitalization and intravenous administration of medications.