Multiple sclerosis is diagnosed through a combination of clinical evaluation, medical history, and diagnostic tests. Common diagnostic tools include:
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): To detect lesions or areas of damage in the brain and spinal cord.
- Lumbar Puncture (Spinal Tap): To analyze cerebrospinal fluid for signs of inflammation or immune activity.
- Evoked Potentials Tests: To measure the speed of electrical signals in the brain and nervous system.
- Blood Tests: To rule out other conditions that may mimic MS symptoms. Diagnosis can be challenging, as symptoms of MS can overlap with other neurological disorders.