Low hemoglobin levels, known as anemia, can be caused by various factors including:
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Nutritional Deficiencies: Lack of iron, vitamin B12, or folate in the diet can lead to anemia.
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Chronic Diseases: Conditions like kidney disease, cancer, and rheumatoid arthritis can affect hemoglobin production.
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Blood Loss: Heavy menstrual periods, gastrointestinal bleeding, or injuries can cause a significant drop in hemoglobin levels.
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Bone Marrow Disorders: Diseases affecting the bone marrow, where blood cells are produced, can result in low hemoglobin levels.
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Genetic Conditions: Disorders like sickle cell anemia and thalassemia affect hemoglobin production and function.