Doctors aren’t sure why RA starts, but here’s what happens:
- A mix of genes and environmental factors kick off the disease.
- Your immune system might be activated years before you notice any symptoms.
- The immune system attacks the joints, leading to inflammation.
- The inflamed joint lining (synovium) thickens and causes pain and swelling.
- Over time, this inflammation damages the cartilage and bones in the joint.
- The surrounding muscles and tendons weaken, making the joint more painful and less functional.